Episodio crítico asociado a una afectación del estado de conciencia en un lactante de 16 meses con intoxicación accidental por cannabis / Seizure associated with decrease in the level of consciousness in a 16 months old infant due to intoxication from accidental cannabis ingestion

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[Acyclovir-induced acute renal failure: An under-estimated secondary effect?]. / Insuficiencia renal aguda por aciclovir, un efecto secundario infraestimado?

The increasing use of oral or IV acyclovir to treat infections caused by herpesviridae family involves a rise in the number of observed adverse effects. Neuro- and nephrotoxicity are most serious observed and reported secondary effects. The monitoring of renal function is essential to detect these cases since it develops as a non-oliguric renal failure. Because of this, the outpatient and oral use of the drug can result in an underestimation of the number of cases reported. We report two patients with genital herpes and viral encephalitis that required IV acyclovir. Both inpatients developed an acute renal failure that resolved after the drug was withdrawn.

Insuficiencia renal aguda por aciclovir, ¿un efecto secundario infraestimado? / Acyclovir-induced acute renal failure: an under-estimated secondary effect?

En la actualidad, el mayor uso de aciclovir, por vía intravenosa u oral, para tratar infecciones de la familia Herpesviridae, conlleva un aumento del número de efectos adversos descritos. La neurotoxicidad y nefrotoxicidad son los efectos secundarios más graves que se han comunicado. La monitorización de la función renal es fundamental para detectar estos casos, pues cursa como insuficiencia renal no oligúrica. Por ello, el uso ambulatorio y oral del fármaco puede dar lugar a una infraestimación del número de casos totales. Presentamos los casos de 2 pacientes que por su patología de base (herpes genital y encefalitis viral) precisaron aciclovir intravenoso, y que durante su estancia hospitalaria desarrollaron insuficiencia renal aguda no oligúrica, que cedió al suspender la administración del fármaco

The increasing use of oral or IV acyclovir to treat infections caused by herpesviridae family involves a rise in the number of observed adverse effects. Neuro- and nephrotoxicity are most serious observed and reported secondary effects. The monitoring of renal function is essential to detect these cases since it develops as a non-oliguric renal failure. Because of this, the outpatient and oral use of the drug can result in an underestimation of the number of cases reported. We report two patients with genital herpes and viral encephalitis that required IV acyclovir. Both inpatients developed an acute renal failure that resolved after the drug was withdrawn

Organochlorine pesticides in serum and adipose tissue of pregnant women in Southern Spain giving birth by cesarean section.

Since the appearance of DDT, increasingly potent insecticides have been developed to overcome the resistance developed by insects to successive products. Pesticides are also used in public health programs to control disease vectors. Despite legislation to control the use of certain products, they repeatedly appear in the adipose tissue, milk and serum of human populations. The present study determined the presence of organochlorine molecules in the adipose tissue, serum, and umblical cord of women giving birth by cesarean section in order to establish a possible correlation in organochlorine molecule content between these biological compartments and to examine fetal exposure to molecules with hormonal effects. Presence of nine organochlorines was detected by GC/ECD and confirmed by GC/MS. Highly significant differences (p<0.000) were observed between adipose tissue and maternal serum in concentrations of lindane, HCB, DDE, DDD, and endosulfan but not (p>0.5) in concentrations of endosulfan II or endosulfan sulfate. Only DDE concentrations differed (p<0.001) between maternal serum and umbilical cord serum. An association between pp'DDE and op'DDT was observed in maternal serum (p<0.094). An association in pp'DDE and pp'DDD content was found between adipose tissue and umbilical cord serum, and in pp'DDT content between adipose tissue and maternal serum. Results obtained indicate that exposure can be measured solely in serum when relatively high concentrations of pesticides are present.

[Parent's perception of vaccination]. / Percepción de la vacunación por parte de los padres.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the attitude and grade of knowledge of the parents of children concerning the vaccination of their children, as well as to know their opinion about a program destine to diminish their anxiety. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The subjects of the study were parents of children of our county that began their immunizations in 1994. The method utilized was realization of a survey with closed questions. The statistical analysis was carried out by means of the R-SIGMA program. RESULTS: There were 115 surveys registered. Of these 71% has adequate knowledge of the illness against which their child had been vaccinated. Anxiety and fear was seen in 60% before beginning the vaccination process, descending to 30% once the process of immunization began. Only 54.5% perceived the vaccination as inoffensive and 66% considered that the illness against which their child was being protected were very grave. The principal secondary effect seen in the children was fever (70.4%). Forty-one percent of those surveyed considered that the illness of the vaccination program were typical of a low socioeconomic class. Only 7% gave an opinion that the vaccine should be voluntary and in 100% of the cases was it considered that it was an advance in medicine. Only 25% of the population surveyed had access to previous information and their attitude was reinforced positively. The data most valued by those surveyed, referring to the vaccination program, was the informative interview previous to the program and the presence of the pediatrician. CONCLUSIONS: The vaccine is considered as something dangerous, but necessary. Better education of the parents, on the part of the sanitary authorities and those responsible of ordering and administering vaccines, would result in a modification in the attitude of the population in regards to vaccinations.